Surprisingly what separates us from the open environment all around us sometimes is a single layer of epithelial cells. It is at these seemingly fragile sites that most pathogens, including HIV, influenza, emerging and biodefense agents, gain access to our inside milieu. While there are major similarities between the cells and the immune responses generated at the mucosal membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts together with the genitourinary tract, there are also important differences. Knowledge of these differences and similarities is required in order to understand the interactions between us, as the host, and the pathogens that attack through each tract, and how our immune system reacts to each of them. Whether we want to devise rational prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines or treatments to either prevent or treat mucosal infections we must acquire such knowledge. This is the rationale behind putting this book together.
This book will provide the readers in the areas of vaccinology, virology, bacteriology, epidemiology, immunology and mucosal immunology within academia (undergraduate, graduate, post doctoral fellows and professors), as well as preclinical and clinical scientists in vaccine and drug industries a thorough appreciation of the mucosal immune system and its importance in protecting humans against mucosal pathogens.
Table of contents
Preface
Michael Vajdy
SECTION ONE: Structure and Cells of Mucosal Tissues
Chapter 1: The Intestinal Epithelium: The Interface between Host and Pathogen by Nicholas J. Mantis and Lynn Bry
Chapter 2: Structure of the Respiratory and Female Genitourinary Tracts by Michael Vajdy
SECTION TWO: Immunology of Mucosal Tissues
Chapter 3: Mucosal B-Cell System by Per Brandtzaeg and Finn Eirik Johanson
Chapter 4: Bridging Mucosal Innate Immunity to the Adaptive Immune System by Rajesh Singh and James W. Lillard, Jr.
Chapter 5: Intestinal Bacteria: Mucosal Tissue Development and Gut Homeostasis by Dennis K. Lanning, Kari M. Severson and Katherine L. Knight
SECTION THREE: Gastrointestinal Pathogens
Bacterial Gastrointestinal Pathogens:
Chapter 6: Mucosal Immune Responses against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli [Etec] in Humans by Ann Marie Svennerholm and Firdausi Qadri
Chapter 7: Cholera Immunity and Cholera Vaccination by Jan Holmgren & John Clemens
Chapter 8: Helicobacter Pylori Pathogenesis and Vaccines by Paolo Ruggiero
Viral Gastrointestinal Pathogens:
Chapter 9: Immunology of Norovirus Infection by Juan S. Leon, Menira Souza, Qiuhong Wang, Emily R. Smith, Linda J. Saif, and Christine L. Moe
Chapter 10: Intestinal and Systemic Immunity to Rotavirus in Animal Models and Humans by Ana María González, Marli S.P. Azevedo and Linda J. Saif
SECTION FOUR: Respiratory Pathogens
Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens:
Chapter 11: Mucosal Control of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infections by Jacinta Cooper and Ed Janoff
Chapter 12: Neisseria Meningitidis by Barbara Baudner and Rino Rappuoli
Chapter 13: Mucosal Immunity against Anthrax by Prosper Boyaka, Alexandra Duverger, Estelle Cormet-Boyaka, and Jean-Nicolas Tournier
Viral Respiratory Pathogens:
Chapter 14: Structure, Immunopathogenesis and Vaccines against SARS Coronavirus byI ndresh Srivastava, Elaine Kan, Isha N. Srivastava, Jimna Cisto and Zohar Biron
Chapter 15: Influenza Virus Pathogenesis and Vaccines by Michael Vajdy
SECTION FIVE: Genital Pathogens
Bacterial Genital Pathogens:
Chapter 16: Immunity against Chlamydia trachomatis by Ellen Marks and Nils Lycke
Viral Genital Pathogens:
Chapter 17: HIV and the Mucosa: No Safe Haven by Satya Dandekar, Sumathi Sankaran and Tiffany Glavan
Chapter 18: Mucosal Vaccination against HIV-1 by Tom Evans
SECTION SIX: Mucosal Vaccine Approaches
Chapter 19: Formulations and Delivery Systems for Mucosal Vaccines by Padma Malyala and Manmohan Singh