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The Human Microbiota offers a comprehensive review of all human-associated microbial niches in a single volume, focusing on what modern tools in molecular microbiology are revealing about human microbiota, and how specific microbial communities can be associated with either beneficial effects or diseases. An excellent resource for microbiologists, physicians, infectious disease specialists, and others in the field, the book describes the latest research findings and evaluates the most innovative research approaches and technologies. Perspectives from pioneers in human microbial ecology are provided throughout.

Table of Contents

 

PREFACE vii

 

CONTRIBUTORS xi

 

1 THE NIH HUMAN MICROBIOME PROJECT 1

Lita M. Proctor, Shaila Chhibba, Jean McEwen, Jane Peterson, Chris Wellington, Carl Baker, Maria Giovanni, Pamela McInnes, and R. Dwayne Lunsford

 

2 METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE HUMAN BODY 51

Christine Bassis, Vincent Young, and Thomas Schmidt

 

3 PHYLOARRAYS 75

Eoin L. Brodie and Susan V. Lynch

 

4 MATHEMATICAL APPROACHES FOR DESCRIBING MICROBIAL POPULATIONS: PRACTICE AND THEORY FOR EXTRAPOLATION OF RICH ENVIRONMENTS 85

Manuel E. Lladser and Rob Knight

 

5 TENSION AT THE BORDER: HOW HOST GENETICS AND THE ENTERIC MICROBIOTA CONSPIRE TO PROMOTE CROHN’S DISEASE 105

Daniel N. Frank and Ellen Li

 

6 THE HUMAN AIRWAY MICROBIOME 119

Edith T. Zemanick and J. Kirk Harris

 

7 MICROBIOTA OF THE MOUTH: A BLESSING OR A CURSE? 135

Angela H. Nobbs, David Dymock, and Howard F. Jenkinson

 

8 MICROBIOTA OF THE GENITOURINARY TRACT 167

Laura K. Sycuro and David N. Fredricks

 

9 FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 211

 

Alexander Swidsinski and Vera Loening-Baucke

 

10 FROM FLY TO HUMAN: UNDERSTANDING HOW COMMENSAL MICROORGANISMS INFLUENCE HOST IMMUNITY AND HEALTH 255

June L. Round

 

11 INSIGHTS INTO THE HUMAN MICROBIOME FROM ANIMAL MODELS 273

Bethany A. Rader and Karen Guillemin

 

12 TO GROW OR NOT TO GROW: ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION PROCEDURES IN THE GENOMIC AGE 289

Karsten Zengler

 

13 NEW APPROACHES TO CULTIVATION OF HUMAN MICROBIOTA 303

Slava S. Epstein, Maria Sizova, and Amanda Hazen

 

14 MANIPULATING THE INDIGENOUS MICROBIOTA IN HUMANS: PREBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS, AND SYNBIOTICS 315

George T. Macfarlane and Sandra Macfarlane

 

INDEX 339